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Sortino Ratio
Sortino ratio is a Financial ratio that is used to measure the performance of investment portfolio and is very similar to a Sharpe ratio. The main difference between Sortino ratio and Sharpe ratio is that Sharpe
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/sortino_ratio
P/E Ratio
P/E ratio is the most popular valuation multiple that is used for stock analysis. This ratio shows the price of the stock compared to its earnings. The multiple is so popular because of its simplicity and im
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/p_e_ratio
Earnings
Earnings are calculated gains of the company and should represent the profit of that business. There are several types of earnings: Retained earnings are equal to net profit less dividends. Net earnin
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Income
The term income may have several meanings. In corporate finance it basically means profit or earnings that are equal to revenue less expenses. But in some cases income may also indicate company’s revenue bu
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Gross Margin
Gross margin is profitability percentage that shows the ratio between gross income and revenue. Gross margin is usually calculated when there is a need to compare company’s competiveness and effectiveness i
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Financial Analysis
Financial analysis is an important part of investing, especially if investor wants better results from his investments. Of course it is possible to ignore financial analysis and make investment decisions based on
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/financial_analysis
Debt Coverage Ratio
Debt coverage ratio (debt service coverage ratio) is a ratio that measures solvency risk and mostly is applied for property projects. There are many debt coverage ratios that are used in financial practice on thi
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Debt to Equity
Debt to equity ratio (also known as D/E ratio, Debt/Equity) measures how big is company’s debt compared to its book capital (equity). The higher is the debt to equity ratio the higher is the insolvency risk
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/debt_to_equity
Turnover Ratio
(1) Turnover ratio of mutual fund shows how quickly assets of the fund are changing. Actively managed investment funds have higher turnover ratio than passively managed funds, and normally turnover ratio is measu
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Cash Coverage Ratio
Cash coverage ratio measures company’s ability to repay its debts. It compares EBITDA (type of earnings) of the company and interest that is paid for company’s debts annually. EBITDA is not exactly eq
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/cash_coverage_ratio
Strategic Financial Planning
Strategic financial planning is a bit different from standard financial planning because standard financial planning focuses on a budget which is detailed estimation of financial statements when strategic financi
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/strategic_financial_planning
Return on Invested Capital
Return on invested capital (ROIC) or also called return on capital is a Financial ratio employed to measure nominal company’s return that is earned by capital invested in operating asset. Basically return o
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/return_on_invested_capital
Financial ratios
Financial ratios are ratios that are used in financial analysis or in other words that are using financial data of a company. Such financial data usually is found in financial statements (income statement, balanc
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/financial_ratios
Fixed Asset Turnover
Fixed asset turnover ratio is a Financial ratio that measures how much of sales are created by company’s property, plant and equipment. The ‘higher asset turnover’ is the better, because it mean
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/fixed_asset_turnover
Fundamental Analysis
Fundamental analysis is the type of financial analysis that relies on company’s fundamentals. Those fundamentals depend on the target of the analysis. For example, fundamental analysis of stock depends on i
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Technical Analysis of Stocks
Technical analysis of stocks is widely known type of stock analysis. Technical analysis is completely opposite to fundamental analysis. While fundamental analysis relies on company’s ability to generate cas
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/technical_analysis_of_stocks
Coverage Ratios
Coverage ratios are Financial ratios that measure the ability of the company to repay its financial liabilities. Such ratios compare company’s operating income (or other type of income) or operating cash fl
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/coverage_ratios
Receivables Turnover
Receivables turnover ratio (also called as accounts receivable turnover) is a Financial ratio that measures how efficiently company collects its receivables. If receivables turnover is very low, it means company
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/receivables_turnover
Average Collection Period
Average collection period is a Financial ratio that is used to measure how fast company collects its receivables. ‘Average collection period’ shows what is the average time period till company gets ca
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Quick Ratio
Quick ratio (also called ‘acid test ratio’) is a Financial ratio that measures company’s financial liquidity. This ratio compares company’s most liquid assets and short-term liabilities. I
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Capital Employed
Capital employed is a value of capital investments in a company. Basically, the capital of each company can be classified in these types of capital: Equity capital Debt capital Working capital
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Current Ratio
Current ratio is a Financial ratio that measures company’s financial liquidity in short term. In simple words, this ratio compares company’s short-term assets to its short term liabilities. If short-t
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/current_ratio
Cash Ratio
Cash ratio is a Financial ratio that measures company’s financial liquidity over short term. It compares company’s cash reserves to short-term liabilities. If ‘cash ratio’ is high, it may
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/cash_ratio
Equity Ratio
Equity ratio is a Financial ratio that compares company’s equity to assets. Basically, it shows what part equity capital makes in total capital of a company. If ‘equity ratio’ is very high (clos
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Capital Adequacy Ratio
Capital adequacy ratio is the main Financial ratio for banks to measure whether the bank has enough of capital on which depends the riskiness of the bank. Banks are borrowing money from other depositors and it is
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/capital_adequacy_ratio
Net Interest Margin
Net interest margin shows the profitability of the lending business for a bank or other financial institution. Lending business is the core business for most of the banks, and the profitability of this operational segmen
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/net_interest_margin
Cost/Income Ratio
Cost/income ratio is very popular Financial ratio in bank analysis. This ratio measures the relation of bank’s operating costs to operating income. Basically, lower ratio is better because means higher prof
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/cost_income_ratio
Non-Performing Loan Ratio
Non-performing loan ratio measures the quality of the loan portfolio of the financial institution. This Financial ratio compares non-performing loans to the total loan portfolio (loans are assets for the bank), a
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/nonperforming_loan_ratio
Loan to Deposit Ratio
Loan to deposit ratio is Financial ratio used for banks or other financial institutions. This ratio compares bank’s loan portfolio to deposit portfolio and measures financial liquidity of the institution. &n
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/loan_to_deposit_ratio
Loans to Assets Ratio
‘Loans to assets ratio’ is a Financial ratio that usually is applied for banks (or credit unions) to measure the relation of the bank’s loan portfolio to the total assets. Providing loa
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/loans_to_assets_ratio
Reserve Ratio
Reserve ratio (reserve requirement or cash reserve ratio) is a ratio that is used by central bank of an area to regulate the financial market. This Financial ratio compares the cash of the bank to the deposits th
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/reserve_ratio
Cash Turnover Ratio
Cash turnover ratio compares company’s sales to its cash and measures how effectively company is using cash assets. However, this Financial ratio now is a bit outworn and is not very meaningful for most of
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/cash_turnover_ratio
Total Debt Ratio
Total debt ratio compares total liabilities to total assets. The higher ratio represents riskier situation. And if this ratio is equal to 1.0, it would mean that liabilities are equal to assets or in other words
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Book Value
There are two main types of values that are used in finance: Book value Market value Book value is a value that is recorded in the balance sheet of a company. Every asset of the company must
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Leverage
Leverage definition In finance leverage means usage of debt capital in addition to the equity capital in order to increase the profit. Increase in leverage is understood as increase in riskiness and volatility.
http://www.investingforbeginners.eu/leverage
